Authors: Bogdanovska Biljana, Pop Stefanova-Trposka Maja, Gazmend Jusufi, Bogdanovski Ignat

DOI: 10.62636/BEZB2142

Keywords: overbite, deep bite, height of symphysis, depth of symphysis

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Regular or irregular vertical development of the facial skeleton is connected to multiple skeletal groups: nasomaxillary complex, alveolar processes and mandible. There is a significant correlation between the incisal rates and maxillary and mandibular dentoalveolar height, symphysis size, maxillary and mandibular surface. Also, a connection exists between the size of the mandibular symphysis, the chin and the vertical dimension and morphological and dentoalveolar structure of both jaw systems. Determination of this connection can be useful in predicting the treatment success in overbite problems.
Aim: The aim of our study is to show the morphological characteristics of mandibular symphysis in individuals with normal, open and deep bite.
Materials and methods: Depending on the vertical incisal rate characteristics - overbite, the respondents (30 individuals each group 15 male and 15 female) were divided in three groups: first group with open bite (overbite smaller or equal to -1 mm), the second with deep bite (overbite over +4 mm), and the third control group with normal overlap (overbite more than +1 mm, but lower or equal to +4 mm).
Results: Average value of the symphysis height parameter SH in the three analyzed groups (open, deep and normal bite) is 33,9±3,2mm, 25,7±3,8mm and 29,65±2,0mm respectably. Statistics analysis shows that for the value (F=48,2 p < 0,01), a significant difference exists in average parameter size for symphysis depth SD between the three analyzed groups. Depth of symphysis is the largest in the deep bite group, and the smallest in the open bite group.
Conclusion: Symphysis height in group with open bite was largest, and smallest in group with deep bite, compared to the control group. SH analysis in relation to gender shows no statistically significant difference in open and normal bite groups, however in the deep bite group height of symphysis is significantly larger in male respondents compared to female respondents. Symphysis depth is the largest in the deep bite group, and smallest in the open bite group. No differences were noticed in relation to the gender in all three respondent groups (p>0.05). The data obtained for symphysis height and depth can be used to anticipate treatment success in open and deep bites.