Authors: Lj Simjanovska, S Simjanovska, O Temelkov, M Markovska Arsovska, G Todorovska, S Gerasimova Pisevska

DOI: To be acquired

Keywords: allergy, CAT (cutaneous allergologic test), local anesthetics, in vivo testing, immunological system, IgE antibodies, allergens.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: All allergic reactions are caused by the immune system to a particular allergen (antigen), to which the body was previously exposed and has created IgE antibodies. Local anesthetics are one of the most commonly used drugs in dentistry and around 6 million people worldwide are exposed daily to their effect in procedures performed by a similar number of dentists who are usually unaware that they are allergic to this group of drugs. Allergic reactions to local anesthetics are rare despite the common usage of these medications. The assessment has shown that about 1% of all reactions to local anesthetics have allergic mechanism. Since we often get information for side reactions to different allergens (local anesthetics as well) our aim is to confirm or reject them with making allergologic in vivo tests.
Materials and methods: For the realization of our goal we have included 84 patients in which two types of in vivo allergological tests were made ( prick and i.d. intra dermal test). These in vivo tests measure the immune response to a substance called allergen responsible for the allergic reaction. Two types of anesthetics were used : Lidocain (Xylocain) 2 and 3 % and Mepivacain (Scandicain) 2 and 3%.
Results: According to the derived results from CAT (dermal allergological tests), from the tested participants to Mepivacain, positive (+) results were received in two cases. In three cases of the participants that were tested to Lidocain, positive (+) reactivity was received.
Conclusion: Although these allergic reactions are considered to be very rare they exist. Where anamnesis data favors the probability of suspected allergy, patients with atopic predisposition for allergies, there is a need for in vivo allergological testing.